[Xamarin] 啟動拍照並且儲存

2013-07-18

拍照對手機來說是很常用到的功能,許多App都基於在拍照上面,這篇文章主要大部分是在翻譯官方文件 (http://docs.xamarin.com/recipes/android/other_ux/camera_intent/take_a_picture_and_save_using_camera_app)
因為這篇寫得很清楚,主要我就筆記且翻譯一些比較重要的地方。

這篇文章主要聊聊如何啟動相機,並且拍一張照片之後,將照片取回來顯示在ImageView 上面

1. 首先我們看一下畫面,有一顆按鈕點下去後就啟動相機,並且將圖片帶回,首先你得先做幾件事情,開啟一個專案,再來就是新增AndroidManifest.xml 並且 新增WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAG的權限。下面為 主要畫面的axml code :


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/myButton"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="開啟照相機" />
    <ImageView
        android:src="@android:drawable/ic_menu_gallery"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:id="@+id/imageView1"
        android:adjustViewBounds="true" />
</LinearLayout>

預覽:
2013-07-18_124705

2.接者,我在主要的Activity 中加入一些變數


Java.IO.File _file;
Java.IO.File _dir;
ImageView _imageView;

3.我們在OnCreate 中加入這些程式碼:


protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle)
{
    base.OnCreate(bundle);
 
    // Set our view from the "main" layout resource
    SetContentView(Resource.Layout.Main);
    if (IsThereAnAppToTakePictures())
    {
        CreateDirectoryForPictures();
 
        Button button = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.myButton);
        _imageView = FindViewById<ImageView>(Resource.Id.imageView1);
 
        button.Click += TakeAPicture;
    }
 
}

會出現紅字別緊張還有兩個function沒有補上


/// <summary>
/// 判斷是否可以正常叫起相機
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private bool IsThereAnAppToTakePictures()
{
    var intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ActionImageCapture);
    IList<ResolveInfo> availableActivities = PackageManager.QueryIntentActivities(intent, PackageInfoFlags.MatchDefaultOnly);
    return availableActivities != null && availableActivities.Count > 0;
}
 
/// <summary>
/// 在外部儲存裝置中建立起檔案夾並且使用當作暫存
/// </summary>
private void CreateDirectoryForPictures()
{
    _dir = new File(Android.OS.Environment.GetExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Android.OS.Environment.DirectoryPictures), "CameraAppDemo");
    if (!_dir.Exists())
    {
        _dir.Mkdirs();
    }
}

接下來,我們需要處理按鈕的Click事件。在這個例子中,我們將創建一個將處理事件的方法:


/// <summary>
/// 點擊拍照按鈕後啟動拍照
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="eventArgs"></param>
private void TakeAPicture(object sender, EventArgs eventArgs)
{
    //使用intent 叫起拍照動作
    var intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ActionImageCapture);
 
    //回存的檔名
    _file = new File(_dir, String.Format("myPhoto_{0}.jpg", Guid.NewGuid()));
 
    intent.PutExtra(MediaStore.ExtraOutput, Android.Net.Uri.FromFile(_file));
    //等待結果的呼叫Activity 
    //可以參考 http://no2don.blogspot.com/2013/07/xamarin-startactivityforresult.html
    StartActivityForResult(intent, 0);
}

當用戶點擊按鈕,該程式將會發送一個intent 要求android 來找到一個活動去拍照,通常是用系統現在指定的拍照軟體,請注意在intent中我們提供她儲存位置,再來我們看看當OnActivityResult 被觸發(因為使用的是StartActivityForResult)的程式碼實作:


protected override void OnActivityResult(int requestCode, Result resultCode, Intent data)
{
    base.OnActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
 
    // 讓此可以在圖片庫中被使用 
    // 這一段不寫不會影響功能只是在圖片庫中,並不會顯示此張照片
    var  mediaScanIntent = new Intent(Intent.ActionMediaScannerScanFile);
    var contentUri =  Android.Net.Uri.FromFile(_file);
    mediaScanIntent.SetData(contentUri);
    SendBroadcast(mediaScanIntent);
    //
    
    // 將其顯示在ImageView上面
    // 因為避免拍照片太大導致app crash 
    int height = _imageView.Height;
    int width = Resources.DisplayMetrics.WidthPixels;
    //using (Bitmap bitmap = _file.Path.LoadAndResizeBitmap(width, height))
    using (Bitmap bitmap = _file.Path.LoadAndResizeBitmap(width, height))
    {
        _imageView.SetImageBitmap(bitmap);
    }
}

按照原文範例,為了避免App Crash 所以必須要調整大小,所以官方的教學文件上面附上一個BitmapHelper來作,請就直接開一個BitmapHelper.cs 來貼上下面的code:


using Android.Graphics;
 
namespace SampleOpenCamera
{
    public static class BitmapHelpers
    {
        public static Bitmap LoadAndResizeBitmap(this string fileName, int width, int height)
        {
            // First we get the the dimensions of the file on disk
            BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options { InJustDecodeBounds = true };
            BitmapFactory.DecodeFile(fileName, options);
 
            // Next we calculate the ratio that we need to resize the image by
            // in order to fit the requested dimensions.
            int outHeight = options.OutHeight;
            int outWidth = options.OutWidth;
            int inSampleSize = 1;
 
            if (outHeight > height || outWidth > width)
            {
                inSampleSize = outWidth > outHeight
                                   ? outHeight / height
                                   : outWidth / width;
            }
 
            // Now we will load the image and have BitmapFactory resize it for us.
            options.InSampleSize = inSampleSize;
            options.InJustDecodeBounds = false;
            Bitmap resizedBitmap = BitmapFactory.DecodeFile(fileName, options);
 
            return resizedBitmap;
        }
    }
}

結果 :
Screenshot_2013-07-18-14-08-14
Screenshot_2013-07-18-14-08-29

Screenshot_2013-07-18-14-08-50

圖片存放位置: /storage/sdcard0/Pictures/CameraAppDemo
Screenshot_2013-07-18-12-59-22

source code :


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